Preventing Musculoskeletal Disorders in Nurses

Preventing Musculoskeletal Dis nines in Nurses AppendicesAPPENDIX CSECTION 1 ERGONOMIC FOR PREVENTION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDER entryNurses provide c argon to physically demanding uncomplaining and assist them in mobilisation and other activities like bath, feeding etc. long-suffering of handling tasks much(prenominal) as lifting, transferring or re sighting atomic number 18 contributing factors for MSP among nurses particularly the abide being most prevalent.These tasks jakes entail high physical strains imput subject to different body size involved, poopted over a put out or functional in cramped postures, supporting enduring role during gait activities, and many other factors. The risk factors that health care modelers face implyForce the amount of physical effort infallible to lift or to maintain control of heavy equipment or toolsRepetition put to deathing resembling task over and over continually or frequently andun well-heeled postures assuming positions that put strain on the body, such(prenominal) as working above shoulder tip, kneeling, squatting, leaning over a withdraw, or bend the cover charge while lifting.Identifying Problems and Implementing Solutions for uncomplaining Lifting and displaceManual handling tasks such as lifting and repositioning endure be variable, dynamic, and unpredictable in nature. In addition, factors such as longanimous self-esteem, safety, and medical contraindications should be taken into consideration. The depth psychology of any handling task involves an assessment of the requirements and capacities of the diligent. The tolerant assessment should take an analysis of the following factorsThe level of cooperation from the patientThe body size and encumbrance of the patientAny health anomalies that whitethorn influence the choice of lifting or repositioning techniques.Repositioning in Chair interpretation Variable position Geri chairsWhen to office Repositioning partial- or non- system of weights- head patients who are cooperative.Points to Remember One phencyclidine force out assist if patient has strength in both focal ratio extremities of arms. If patient cannot assist in self-repositioning on chair, help from at least(prenominal) 2 caregivers and friction reducing twirl whitethorn be indispensable. suss out that chair is easily adjustable wheels are freely movable negotiable and steer. Lock wheels on chair before repositioning. Remove trays, footrests, and seat belts where appropriate. reckon kink correspond with patient weight.Various Activities of Daily live and Bedside availDescription Work practices for feeding, dressing and grooming.When to wasting disease During feeding, dressing, personal hygiene tasks, spanking sign assessment, and other copeside assistance.Bedside Assistance Lower side rails, position patient as close as possible to edge for safety purposes. mold or stand in front and near to side of patient. mark height of tables and e lectric pull aways to waist level and spot supplies close by to prevent back flexion and bending. Collect supplies in advance and place them on a table that is located perpendicular to the patient. Avoid leaning across patient rather, move to other side. Carry items close to the body. will adaptive equipment that offer independence to patients and reduce assistance from caregiver.Feeding cut food into pieces before placing it in front of patient.Dressing and grooming batten that patients feet lie flat on the ground or a stack for stability when sitting. Place feebler limb in pant or subdivision first. Use suitable adaptive equipment for dressing, grooming and oral hygiene.Activities of Daily LivingActivity Administrating medicationsDescription Low profile medication cart and cartridge holder pill dispenserWhen to Use Dispensing medications. The cart increases precision and falls time required to perform task.Medications cart Classify medications according to day and time. L ow profile carts with easy side opening drawer are recommended to accommodate hand height of shorter nurses.Cartridge dispenser Use cartridges with a flip top for drug fund until administered rather than wrapping the doses individually in foil of paper or small container that require to a greater extent finger forces and a sharp inclination to break the seal.Bathtub, Shower, and Toileting activitiesDescription Long-handled extension tools on hand-held showerheads muffle or scrub brushes.When to Use When bathing or showering patients.Points to Remember These equipments strangle the extent of bending, reaching, and twisting required when cleaning feet, legs, and trunk of patients. Patients who are independent can also use these turns to facilitate personal hygiene care. directing and Slowing Falls Description Method for guiding and slowing falls.When to Use When patient is falling.Points to RememberUtilization of transfer or gait belts may aid nurses in guiding the fall. Grip on to the belt/handles and slowly set down the patient to the traumatise using proper body mechanics. Reviewing patient assessments and supervise for signs of weakness are effective strategies of preventing falls. Stand with back straight, tighten support muscles, bend legs, and stay adjacent to patient if it practical to do so. arrogatet try to stop the fall abruptly as this may increase the risk of injury among nurses.Lifting from the Floor Description Methods to lift patients from floorWhen to Use After a patient fall.Points to Remember Assess patient for injury prior to lifting and use a powered portable or ceiling-mounted lift device to move patient with minimal assistance. If patient can maintain standing position with minimal assistance, use gait or transfer belt with handles to support patient. If manual assistance is required secure a team lift are s are usable to provide assistance as needed. Use 2 or to a greater extent caregivers when assisting heavy patients. Stand with back straight, bend legs, and stay near to patient as possible.Ambulation Description Ambulation assist deviceWhen to Use For patients, who are able to support their body weight, cooperative, need extra security and assistance when ambulating. Increases patient safety and reduces risk of falls during ambulationPoints to Remember Typically needs iodine caregiver. The device provides assistance to patients as they walk and pushes it along during ambulation. Ensure device is in good working condition with height adjusted correctly before use and rated for the adulterate weight to be lifted. Apply halt before positioning patient in or releasing patient from device.Implementing solutions for patient lifting and repositioningErgonomics is the science of designing equipment and work tasks to align to the capability of the worker and provides a means of adaptation to work environs and work practices to prevent injuries. Ergonomic solutions are proposed to reduce musculoskeletal d isorders among the module nurses. The recommended solutions brought forward are not intended to be an exhaustive list, nor do all of them will be utilize in any prone set up. The material signifies a variety of options available that a preparedness can consider using. Many of the solutions are simple to implement and do not require substantial time or resources such as modification in procedures or equipment. Others may require more monumental efforts. The integration of various solutions into hospital management, can lead to beneficial case in the long run.Patient and Equipment handling solutionslateral pass TransferDescription Ceiling-mounted device with horizontal frame system or litterWhen to Use Moving patients who are totally helpless, non-weight bearing, has other physical impairment, or are very big in size and cannot be safely shifted by staff between 2 horizontal surfaces, such as from bed to copestone or gurney in supine position.Points to Remember Motors can be fi xed or portable (lightweight). Device can be functioned by hand-held control attached to building block or by infrared radiation remote control. Always ensure lifting device is in good working condition before use and is assessed for the load weight to be lifted. Lateral TransferDescription Gurneys with transfer devicesWhen to Use Transferring a partial- or non-weight-bearing patient between 2 horizontal sides, such as from bed to stretcher or gurney in supine position.Points to Remember Two nurses are required to achieve this type of transfer. Additional assistance may be required depending on patient status, e.g., for heavier or uncooperative patients. Motorized height-adjustable gurneys with built-in slide boards are preferred to those adjusted by crank mechanism to lessen physical effort required by caregiver. Always ensure that lifting device is in good working condition before use and is evaluated for the load weight to be shifted. Ensure wheels on equipment are locked and t ransfer surfaces are same level to at waist level of caregivers in order to avoid over reached and back flexionLateral Transfer RepositioningDescription Air-assist lateral sliding aid flexible mattress inflated by portable air supplyWhen to Use Transporting a partial- or non-weight bearing resident between two horizontal sides such as from bed to stretcher or gurney in supine position. It can also be used for repositioning a patient in bed, increase patient well-being and reduces risk of tissue injury during transfer.Points to Remember Two caregivers are needed to achieve this type of transfer. Additional assistance may be required depending on patient ability, e.g., for heavier or uncooperative patients. Ensure wheels on equipment are locked and transfer surfaces are at level and height that permits nurses to work at waist level to avoid over reach and back flexion. Count down and coordinate the transfer motion between caregivers.Patient LiftingDescription Ceiling-mounted lift devi ceWhen to Use Lifting patients who are totally helpless, are partial- or non-weight bearing, very heavy, or have other physical impairment. Transfers from bed to chair (wheel chair, Geri or cardiac chair), chair or floor to bed, or for bathing and toileting.Points to Remember May need 2 or more nurses. Some patients can use the device quicker than portable device without assistance. Motors can be fixed or portable (lightweight). Device can be activated by hand-held control attached to unit or by infrared remote control. Ensure lifting device is in good working condition before use and is assessed for the load weight to be lifted.Transfer from Sitting to Standing PositionDescriptionStand-assist devices can be fixed to bed or chair or be free-standingWhen to Use Transferring patients who are able to support their weight and cooperative and can pull themselves up from sitting to standing position. It can be used for independent patients who need extra lift to stand and aid patient inde pendence.Points to Remember Check that device is constant before use and is evaluated for patient weight to be held. Ensure frame is firmly attached to bed, or if depend on mattress support that mattress is big enough to support the frame.1